Consumer electronics, office equipment and other plug loads consume 15 to 20 percent of total residential and commercial electricity while not in primary mode. Much energy is consume when these devices operate in low power modes but are not actually in use. One way to reduce this unnecessary electricity consumption is to use a smart energy management system.
Contents
Analysis of Project Scope
By analyzing the electricity usage of each individual appliance separately. More accurate conclusions can be draw on their efficiency and need for replacement. This can also determine in case an appliance is drawing unusually high amounts of power when turn off. Whether it should rather be unplug.
Problem Statement
Most conventional prepaid power meters currently install in households only display the total real time usage of its power. And the amount of electricity available. The power meters also lack the ability to monitor appliances individually. Thus hiding vital information about individual appliances.
Project Objectives and Scope
A Smart Meter System is require which can analyze multiple appliances in a household getting readings such as voltage, current, power factor and frequency. With the help of a wired/wireless connection, the device can connect to a central gateway and the gather information can be upload. Process by the gateway management system. It is require that the current information regarding the appliances can also be view on a local display with a menu interface.
Smart Meter and Smart Meter Management Systems
It is a electronic measurement devices use by utilities to communicate information for billing customers and operating their electric systems. Over fifteen years electronic meters, have been use effectively by utilities in delivering accurate billing data for at least a portion of their customer base. The use of this technology was apply to commercial and industrial customers. Due to the need for more experienced rates and more granular billing data requirements. The use of electronic meters came into service to the largest customers of the utility and over time gradually expanded to all customer classes. The Smart Meters are relatively new to the utility industry. They are treat with the same due diligence and scrutiny associated with electronic meters and older electromechanical counterparts.
Gateway Unit
It is responsible for collecting data and then sending it to the android application interface. Also has a console access that can show all the relevant information along with a small interface. Gateway and the energy nodes are separate a single system can comprise of many energy nodes.
Android application interface
This application is design, which is responsible for reading the gateway for each energy node connected also responsible for setting various gateway configurations. And parameters like various thresholds, etc. Energy node unit is responsible for reading the measurements of the EMIC. Relaying this information once requested from the gateway.
Smart Scaling Management System
Hardware Scale: The CS5490 inputs are scale using attenuation circuits that apply maximum input amplitude of 176mVRMS or 35mVRMS. Which is dependent on an AFE gain setting of 10x gain or50 x gain, respectively.
AFE Scale: it registers record input levels that are display as a ratio of the most recent measurement to the maximum RMS voltage and RMS current. At maximum voltage (0.6) and maximum current (0.6) the maximum power is PMAX = VRMSMAX × IRMSMAX = 0.6 × 0.6 = 0.36.
MCU Scale: it is required to read all registers and interpret the 24-bit hexadecimal numbers based on full load conditions. Knowing the maximum hardware scaling and the most recent AFE register values in relation to the full-scale input, the MCU routines are able to calculate the actual power measurements.